Krio (derived from English and several indigenous African languages, and the language of the Sierra Leone Krio people) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. As the Krio language is spoken by 90% of the country's population, [104][168] it unites all the different ethnic groups, especially in their trade and interaction with each other. [169] After the contribution made by the Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force in the Sierra Leone Civil War under the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone, the government of Ahmad Tejan Kabbah declared Bengali an honorary official language in December 2002.
[80] Not having the capital to start a new business is the biggest barrier for women. [80] With the lack of technology, mostly in all Sierra Leone, it is hard to help a business to function. [80] Education[edit] Education in Sierra Leone is legally required for all children for six years at primary level (Class P1-P6) and three years in junior secondary education, [212] but a shortage of schools and teachers has made implementation impossible.
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Sierra Leone Soccer - Sierra Leone News, Scores, Stats, Rumors & More | ESPNCOD3FT0SLEInternational FriendlyRSA4FT0SLEInternational FriendlyMLI2FTAgg. 4 - 10SLEAfrican Nations Championship Qualifying2nd Leg - MLI advance 4-1 on aggregateSLE1FT2MLIAfrican Nations Championship Qualifying1st LegCPV2FTAgg. 2 - 31SLEAfrican Nations Championship Qualifying2nd Leg - SLE advance 3-2 on aggregateSLE2FT0CPVAfrican Nations Championship Qualifying1st LegSLE2FT2GNBAfrica Cup of Nations qualifyingNGA2FT1SLEAfrica Cup of Nations qualifyingCGO1FT2SLEInternational FriendlySLE1FT0LBRInternational FriendlyTOG3FT0SLEInternational FriendlySLE0FT1EQGAfrica Cup of NationsCIV2FT2SLEAfrica Cup of NationsALG0FT0SLEAfrica Cup of NationsSierra LeoneSOCCERSierra Leone probe 'impractical' 91-1 and 95-0 scorelines5MReutersStringer/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)Nigeria win under Jose Peseiro, at last, but it wasn't pretty6MColin UdohTim Nwachukwu/Getty ImagesSierra Leone out of AFCON after late pen miss10MReutersISSOUF SANOGO/AFP via Getty ImagesSierra LeoneSOCCEREnglish core key to Sierra Leone's campaign10MEd DoveCHARLY TRIBALLEAU/AFP via Getty ImagesSierra LeoneSOCCEREx-England man Caulker now key for Sierra Leone1YEd DoveCHARLY TRIBALLEAU/AFPGk howler gets Sierra Leone draw vs.
[216] Teacher training colleges and religious seminaries are found in many parts of the country. Health[edit] The CIA estimated that the average life expectancy in Sierra Leone was 57. 39 years. [217] The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the population is 1. 6%, higher than the world average of 1% but lower than the average of 6. 1% across Sub-Saharan Africa. [218] Medical care is not readily accessible, with doctors and hospitals out of reach for many villagers. While free health care may be provided in some villages, the medical staff is poorly paid and sometimes charge for their services, taking advantage of the fact that the villagers are not aware of their right to free medical care.
Sierra Leone appears on the EU list of prohibited countries with regard to the certification of airlines. This means that no airline registered in Sierra Leone may operate services of any kind within the European Union. This is due to substandard safety standards. [155] As of May 2014, the country's only international airport had regularly scheduled direct flights to London, Paris, Brussels and most major cities in West Africa. In September 2014 there were many Districts with travel restrictions including Kailahun, Kenema, Bombali, Tonkolili, and Port Loko because of Ebola. [156] Energy in Sierra Leone[edit] Sierra Leone electricity production by source Overview[edit] As of 2016, about 12% of the population of Sierra Leone had access to electricity. Of that 12%, 10% was in the capital Freetown, and the remaining 90% of the country used 2% of the nation's electricity.
[89] Two thirds of the adult population of the country are illiterate. [213] The Sierra Leone Civil War resulted in the destruction of 1, 270 primary schools, and in 2001, 67% of all school-age children were out of school. [89] The situation has improved considerably since then with primary school enrolment doubling between 2001 and 2005 and the reconstruction of many schools since the end of the war.
They resisted payment of taxes, tensions over the new colonial requirements and the administration's suspicions towards the chiefs, led to the Hut Tax war of 1898, also called the Temne-Mende War. The British fired first; the northern front of mainly Temne people was led by Bai Bureh. The southern front, consisting mostly of Mende people, entered the conflict somewhat later, for other reasons. For several months, Bureh's fighters had the advantage over the vastly more powerful British forces but both sides suffered hundreds of fatalities. [67] Bureh surrendered on 11 November 1898 to end the destruction of his people's territory and dwellings. Although the British government recommended leniency, Cardew insisted on sending the chief and two allies into exile in the Gold Coast; his government hanged 96 of the chief's warriors. Bureh was allowed to return in 1905, when he resumed his chieftaincy of Kasseh.
Sierra Leone has diplomatic relations that include China, Russia, [119] Libya, Iran, and Cuba. Sierra Leone has good relations with the West, including the United States, and has maintained historical ties with the United Kingdom and other former British colonies through its membership of the Commonwealth of Nations. [120] The United Kingdom has played a major role in providing aid to the former colony, together with administrative help and military training since intervening to end the Civil War in 2000. Former President Siaka Stevens' government had sought closer relations with other West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) a policy continued by the current government.
Thomas Peters pressed British authorities for relief and more aid; together with British abolitionist John Clarkson, the Sierra Leone Company was established to relocate Black Loyalists who wanted to take their chances in West Africa. In 1792 nearly 1, 200 persons from Nova Scotia crossed the Atlantic to build the second (and only permanent) Colony of Sierra Leone and the settlement of Freetown on 11 March 1792. In Sierra Leone they were called the Nova Scotian Settlers, the Nova Scotians, or the Settlers.
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[96] Between 1991 and 2001, about 50, 000 people were killed in Sierra Leone's civil war. Hundreds of thousands of people were forced from their homes and many became refugees in Guinea and Liberia. In 2001, UN forces moved into rebel-held areas and began to disarm rebel soldiers. By January 2002, the war was declared over. In May 2002, Kabbah was re-elected president by a landslide.
A small community of Orthodox Christians resides in the capital Freetown. [208] Ethnic groups[edit] Ethnic groupsof Sierra Leone[13] Temne 35. 5% Mende 33. 2% Limba 6. 4% Kono 4. 4% Fula 3. 4% Susu 2. 9% Loko Koranko 2. 8% Sherbro 2. 6% Mandingo 2. 4% Krio 1. 3% Sierra Leone is home to about sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language.
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[214] Students at primary schools are usually 6 to 12 years old, and in secondary schools 13 to 18. Primary education is free and compulsory in government-sponsored public schools. The country has three universities: Fourah Bay College, founded in 1827 (the oldest university in West Africa), [215] University of Makeni (established initially in September 2005 as The Fatima Institute, the college was granted university status in August 2009, and assumed the name University of Makeni, or UNIMAK), and Njala University, primarily located in Bo District. Njala University was established as the Njala Agricultural Experimental Station in 1910 and became a university in 2005.
District Capital Area (km2) Province Population (2004 census)[138] Population (2015 census)[139] Bombali District Makeni 7, 985 Northern Province 408, 390 606, 183[140] Koinadugu District Kabala 12, 121 265, 758 408, 097[141] Port Loko District Port Loko 5, 719 453, 746 614, 063[141] Tonkolili District Magburaka 7, 003 347, 197 530, 776[142] Kambia District Kambia 3, 108 270, 462 343, 686[143] Kenema District Kenema 6, 053 Eastern Province 497, 948 609, 873[144] Kono District Koidu Town 5, 641 335, 401 505, 767[145] Kailahun District Kailahun 3, 859 358, 190 525, 372[145] Bo District Bo 5, 219 Southern Province 463, 668 574, 201[146] Bonthe District Mattru Jong 3, 468 139, 687 200, 730[147] Pujehun District Pujehun 4, 105 228, 392 345, 577 Moyamba District Moyamba 6, 902 260, 910 318, 064 Western Area Urban District Freetown 13 Western Area 772, 873 1, 050, 301 Western Area Rural District Waterloo 544 174, 249 442, 951 Economy[edit] Historical GDP per capita development A proportional representation of Sierra Leone exports, 2019 By the 1990s, economic activity was declining and economic infrastructure had become seriously degraded.
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